Orthopaedic Innovation

Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate

BMAC Injections

Harvesting your body’s powerful stem cells to repair and regenerate damaged tissue.
Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC) therapy is one of the most advanced forms of regenerative medicine available today. It goes a step beyond Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) by using not only concentrated growth factors, but also the body’s own powerful Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) harvested directly from your bone marrow.

This potent cellular concentrate is injected into the injured joint or chronic pain site to kickstart a robust process of cellular growth and tissue regeneration. BMAC is typically reserved for more challenging cases, offering a highly concentrated, non-surgical solution for moderate to severe osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, and complex tendon/cartilage injuries.

What is Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC)?

BMAC is an injectable biologic solution derived from the patient's own bone marrow. The bone marrow, a soft, spongy tissue found primarily in large bones, is a rich source of cells essential for tissue repair and regeneration.

BMAC contains a dense reservoir of:

  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs): These are multipotent cells that have the unique ability to self-replicate and differentiate into various tissue types, including cartilage, bone, muscle, and fat.
  • Growth Factors & Anti-inflammatory Cytokines: A high concentration of signaling proteins that regulate cell growth, reduce inflammation, and accelerate the natural healing cascade.

The processing technique concentrates these regenerative cells to levels significantly higher (typically 5 to 10 times) than those found in regular bone marrow, providing a powerful cellular matrix to regenerate damaged tissue.

Cellular Regeneration: The Science of BMAC

BMAC is a highly effective treatment because it delivers the raw building blocks required for complex tissue repair directly to the site of injury or degeneration.

When injected, the concentrated components of the BMAC solution perform two key functions:

  1. Regeneration: The Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are recruited to the site and, guided by the growth factors, differentiate into the specific cell types needed to repair the structural damage (e.g., forming new cartilage cells or reinforcing bone).
  2. Modulation: The growth factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines work to immediately reduce the pro-inflammatory environment characteristic of chronic joint conditions and osteoarthritis, leading to long-term pain relief and improved joint function.

Because BMAC addresses the root cause of the damage by providing foundational repair cells, it offers a more durable, long-lasting alternative to temporary steroid injections.

The BMAC Procedure: What to expect

The BMAC procedure is a safe, minimally invasive, two-part treatment performed on a day case basis (at the Weymouth Hospital), typically taking between 60 to 90 minutes.

Step 1 - Bone Marrow Aspiration (Harvesting)

The procedure begins with the safe collection of the bone marrow aspirate.

  • Anaesthesia: The harvest site (typically the posterior superior iliac crest, at the back of the hip/pelvic bone) is thoroughly cleaned and the patient is put under sedation (general anaesthetic).
  • Aspiration: A specialised, hollow needle (cannula) is inserted through the skin and into the bone marrow cavity. A small volume of marrow is then gently aspirated (drawn out) into a syringe.

Step 2 - Processing & Concentration

The collected aspirate is immediately transferred to a dedicated, sterile lab system.

  • Centrifugation: The bone marrow aspirate is placed in a centrifuge machine, which spins at a high speed to separate and concentrate the desired components, isolating the layer rich in Mesenchymal Stem Cells and growth factors.
  • Extraction: The concentrated BMAC is then extracted into a sterile syringe, ready for immediate re-injection.

Step 3 - Targeted Delivery

  • Injection: The BMAC concentrate is injected directly into the target area (e.g., the arthritic knee joint, non-healing tendon, or area of osteonecrosis).
  • Guidance: We utilise Ultrasound or Fluoroscopy (X-ray) guidance to ensure the precise placement of the stem cells, maximizing their contact with the damaged tissue for optimal effect.

Why BMAC Excels: The Key Advantages

  • Stem Cell Power: Contains MSCs, the raw cellular material capable of regenerating cartilage, tendon, and bone tissue.
  • Reserved for Complex Cases: Highly effective for moderate to severe joint degeneration and chronic conditions, often where PRP may be less potent.
  • High Safety Profile: Autologous (from your own body), meaning there is virtually no risk of disease transmission, rejection, or allergic reaction.
  • Lasting Improvement: Aims to provide long-term structural improvement, with beneficial effects often lasting up to 2 years from a single treatment.

How BMAC compares with other Treatments

  BMAC (Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate) PRP
(Platelet-Rich Plasma)
Lipogems
(Micro-Fragmented Fat)
Arthrosamid
(Long-Acting Hydrogel)

What is it

An advanced therapy using your own bone marrow, rich in "master" stem cells.

A straightforward injection using concentrated healing factors (platelets) from your own blood.

A method that uses a small amount of your own fat tissue, which contains important repair cells. A synthetic, non-degradable polyacrylamide gel designed to stay in the joint.
How it works Cellular Regeneration: The concentrated stem cells can turn into new cartilage or bone cells to rebuild damaged tissue. Tissue Stimulation: The high concentration of platelets releases growth factors to aggressively trigger and speed up the body's natural repair process. Biological Support: The fat tissue provides a supportive cushion and releases growth factors and cells that help fight inflammation. Joint Volume: It mimics the viscosity of natural fluid, providing both shock-absorbing cushioning and smooth joint gliding.
Best for Moderate to severe Osteoarthritis (OA). Structural bone issues like Avascular Necrosis (AVN) or non-healing fractures. Mild to moderate OA. Chronic tendon or ligament injuries (e.g., Tennis Elbow, Achilles Tendinopathy). Osteoarthritis in joints like the knee and ankle. Soft tissue damage where a structural cushion is beneficial. Symptomatic knee Osteoarthritis (OA) where long-term symptomatic relief is the goal.
Longevity Results can be sustained for a long time, with symptomatic relief reported up to four years. Typically provides pain relief for 6 to 12 months. Effects can last 1–2 years for milder conditions. Clinical improvements are generally sustained for up to 2 years, with best function reported around 9–12 months. Proven to remain safe and effective, with pain reduction maintained up to five years after a single injection.
UK starting price From £3,900 (single joint) From £750 (single joint) From £3,900 (single joint) From £3,900 (single joint)

Frequently asked questions about BMAC

BMAC is particularly effective for managing and treating:

  • Moderate to Severe Osteoarthritis: Especially in the knee, hip, and shoulder.
  • Osteonecrosis (Avascular Necrosis): To promote bone healing and reduce the need for joint replacement.
  • Cartilage Defects: Including traumatic cartilage injuries.
  • Chronic Tendon/Ligament Tears: Where a more robust cellular boost is required, such as large rotator cuff tears or persistent tendinopathies.
  • Non-Union Fractures: To accelerate bone healing.

General anaesthetic is used so you will be asleep during the procedure. Any post operative discomfort at the harvest site usually resolves within a few days.

Recovery is generally quick, though the healing process is gradual:

  • Immediate Post-Procedure: Most patients are mobile within a few hours of waking up and can return to light daily activities within 1–2 days.
  • Downtime: Rest and minimal loading of the treated area are recommended for the first 3-7 days.
  • Medication: It is crucial to avoid anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) for at least two weeks, as these block the initial healing response. Use Paracetamol for pain.
  • Results & Rehab: Clinical improvement usually begins within 2–6 weeks, and a formal, specific rehabilitation program is typically started around 4 weeks post-injection to maximise functional recovery.

Both are regenerative therapies using autologous tissue. BMAC is considered more potent than PRP because, in addition to growth factors, it contains a concentration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). This makes BMAC generally preferred for conditions involving significant cartilage or bone damage (e.g., moderate to severe arthritis or osteonecrosis), while PRP is often highly effective for milder arthritis and many tendon issues.

BMAC is a complex, specialised procedure. We will provide you with a comprehensive quote following your initial consultation, which covers the harvesting, processing, and injection under guidance. The price will be from £3,900 (single joint).

Find out if you’re a candidate for non-surgical options

Find out if you're a candidate for BMAC treatment

BMAC is a highly selective procedure that targets chronic pain and structural damage. If you have been told that joint replacement is your only option, or if your chronic joint pain has not responded to traditional injections or PRP, BMAC may be the solution you need.

You might be a suitable candidate for BMAC treatment if:
  • You have been diagnosed with moderate to severe osteoarthritis or osteonecrosis.
  • You are experiencing complex or multi-tissue injuries (cartilage, tendon, and bone).
  • You are seeking an aggressive, non-surgical alternative to delay or avoid major surgery.
  • You have tried other non-surgical therapies, such as standard PRP or steroid injections, without long-term success.
Talk to a specialist

World-leading experts

With over 2,500 successful procedures and world-leading expertise, we provide the most advanced non-surgical knee treatments available.

If you want to relieve pain, restore movement, and avoid surgery, we’re here to help.

Take the first step

Book a consultation with our world-leading specialists to determine if the potent, regenerative power of BMAC is the right solution for your chronic pain and joint degeneration.
Book a consultation with Professor Adrian Wilson.
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Receive your personalised treatment plan based on your medical situation.
If you go ahead with the plan, we’ll see you here in London for your treatment.
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Locations

Outpatient Clinic
Phoenix Hospital Group,
9 Harley Street,
London, W1G 9QJ
Inpatient
Weymouth Street Hospital,
42-46 Weymouth St,
London, W1G 6NP
The Cromwell Hospital,
164-178 Cromwell Road,
London SW5 0TU
Medical disclaimer
The information provided on this website is for informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. It is not intended to replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional. While we strive to provide accurate and up-to-date information, medical knowledge is constantly evolving, and individual cases may vary. Any surgical or non-surgical treatments discussed on this website should be considered in consultation with a medical professional who can assess your individual needs and medical history.
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