Direct impact
A fall onto the knee or a strong blow, such as from a car accident.
Sudden muscle contraction
In rare cases, the quadriceps muscles (a group of muscles at the front of your thigh) can pull the kneecap apart during a strong movement.
Physical examination
Checking knee movement and stability.
X-rays
To confirm the fracture and check for bone displacement.
Rest and immobilisation
A brace or cast keeps the knee straight while the bone heals.
Physiotherapy
Once healed, exercises help regain knee strength and movement.
Pain relief
Paracetamol or anti-inflammatory medication.
Bone fixation surgery
Screws, wires, or plates hold the kneecap together.
Partial or total patellectomy
In severe cases, part or all of the kneecap may be removed.
Mild fractures
Healing takes 6-8 weeks with a brace.
Severe fractures (surgery required)
Recovery may take 3-6 months, including physiotherapy.
